Closure housing for sealing

ABSTRACT

A closure housing includes several housings. At least one of the housings is a concave housing with an open face. At least one layer, such as for example an elastomeric film or conformable sealant, is mounted on a circumferential perimeter portion of the concave housings across the open face of each of the concave housings. At least one layer, such as an elastomeric film, is adapted to interface one or more cables when the cables are interposed between the housings.

BACKGROUND

Closure housings have been used in the telecommunications industry andelectrical utilities industry for the purpose of protecting cables fromoutside environmental elements. Such closure housings can be installedabove-ground as aerial closures, buried underground, placed inhand-holes, or mounted on poles. The outer perimeter of the closurehousing provides mechanical protection from environmental elements suchas rains, floods, winds, and snow, and other water or dirt particlesthat may harm the splice or connector.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the invention, for example, can advantageously include anapparatus having several housings. At least one of the housings caninclude a concave housing with an open face. One or more elastomericfilms can be mounted on a circumferential perimeter portion of theconcave housings across the open face of each of the concave housings.The elastomeric films are adapted to interface one or more cables whenthe cables are interposed between the housings to seal the cables fromenvironmental conditions.

Also, for example, embodiments of the invention can advantageouslyinclude an alternative apparatus having several housings. At least oneof the housings can include a concave housing with an open face. One ormore flexible layers can be mounted on a circumferential perimeterportion of the concave housings across the open face of each of theconcave housings. The flexible layers are adapted to interface one ormore cables when the cables are interposed between the housings to sealthe cables from environmental conditions.

Also, for example, embodiments of the invention can advantageouslyinclude an alternative apparatus having several housings. At least oneof the housings can include a concave housing with an open face. One ormore flexible layers can be mounted on a circumferential perimeterportion of the concave housings across the open face of each of theconcave housings. One or more conformable sealants can cover a surfaceportion of each of the flexible layers. The conformable sealants areadapted to interface one or more cables when the cables are interposedbetween the housings to seal the cables from environmental conditions.

Also, for example, embodiments of the invention can advantageouslyinclude an alternative apparatus having two or more concave housingsthat are facing mated housings. Each of the housings can include an openface that faces and mates with the open face of an adjacent housing. Twoor more flexible layers can each be mounted on a circumferentialperimeter portion of the concave housings across the open face of eachof the concave housings. Two or more elastomeric films can each cover asurface portion of each of the flexible layers. One or more cables canbe secured within the housings. A first portion of each of the cablescan be interposed between the elastomeric films and facing housings toseal the cables from environmental conditions, and a second portion ofeach of the cables can extend outside of the elastomeric films and thefacing housings.

In operation, the invention advantageously provides improved protectionand watertight sealing of one or more cables and/or joining componentsfrom harmful environmental conditions in the communications industry(such as telecommunications industry), utilities industry (such aselectrical utilities industry), or other industries involving thedistribution of cables and/or the transmission of optical light orelectricity, seeking improved solutions regarding sealing solutions,re-enterability solutions, pressure condition solutions, space conditionsolutions, and weight condition solutions advantageously provided by theinvention.

In one aspect of the invention, the inclusion of the elastomeric film,flexible layer, and/or conformable sealant, in combination with thehollow nature of the concave housing, advantageously provides a solutionfor a closure housing that offers improved sealing, while at the sametime providing a closure housing that is re-enterable to an extent notprovided in existing closure housings.

Further, in another aspect, the invention advantageously providesimproved mechanical cable stress and strain relief based on pressurechanges during periods of operation. The relatively soft surface of thelayers mounted to the housings can deform to accommodate pressurechanges, without placing undue stress on the outer perimeter of thehousings. The compliance of the deformable layers mounted to thehousings allows for significant changes in the shape of the closurewhile maintaining a watertight seal. Because the volume protected fromwater is only marginally larger than the volume of the splice, andgenerally significantly smaller than the entire volume of the interiorof the closure housing, the influence of pressure changes areadvantageously minimized, as compared to rendering the entire volume ofthe closure housing watertight.

Further, the hollow nature of the concave housing advantageouslyprovides increased room or space for the displacement of large cablesinside the closure housing. Further, the hollow nature of the concavehousing advantageously provides a lightweight solution for a closurehousing, and the decrease in weight importantly allows for easierinstallation and transport, as well as a reduction in cost associatedwith the manufacture of such a closure housing.

In the past, closure housings have demonstrated problems that have notas yet been overcome in the art. Prior closure housings, and the sealingmechanism thereof, have demonstrated significant changes in shape withchanging temperatures. Such changes in shape have caused loss of theseal and failure of the water and dirt particle barrier propertiesimportant to the sealing function. Prior closure housings also havepresented the problem of not being easily re-enterable, which issignificant in cases where cable repair or splice repair is necessary.The excess materials and heavier weight associated with prior closurehousings contributed to increased waste and more difficult transport.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 a is an isometric view of a housing in an open position, showingthe hollow concave interior of the housing.

FIG. 1 b is an isometric view of a housing in an open position, showinggas bladders filling the concave interior of the housing.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a closure housing in an open position,including a layer across the open face of the housing, according to anembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the closure housing of FIG. 2 in a closedposition according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the closure housing of FIG. 2 includingone or more cables according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the closure housing of FIG. 3 includingone or more cables according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a closure housing taken along line 6-6 ofFIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a closure housing in an open position,including layers across the open face of the housing, according to anembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the closure housing of FIG. 7 in a closedposition according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the closure housing of FIG. 7 in an openposition including one or more cables according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 10 is an isometric view of the closure housing of FIG. 8 in aclosed position including one or more cables according to an embodimentof the invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a closure housing taken along line 11-11of FIG. 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a closure housing including endsealsaccording to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is an isometric view of a closure housing including arcuatechannels according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 14 is an isometric view of a closure housing having arcuatechannels in a closed position including one or more cables according toan embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 15 a is an isometric view of removable walls having arcuatechannels according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 15 b is an isometric view of a housing prior to installation of theremovable walls of FIG. 15 a, according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 15 c is an isometric view of a housing after installation of theremovable walls of FIG. 15 a, according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 16 is an isometric view of a housing after installation of adapterwalls including arcuate channels according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of a closure housing including one or morecables according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a housing receiving a barb to secure alayer thereto according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a housing having an adhesive thereon tosecure a layer thereto according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As shown in the Figures, the invention includes a plurality of housings12, at least one of which comprises a concave housing 12 with an openface. Embodiments of the invention can include, for example, facingmated housings 12, where two or more of the plurality of housings 12 areconcave housings 12 with an open face, and where the open face of one ofthe concave housings 12 faces and mates with the open face of anadjacent housing 12. Embodiments can also include one or more hinges,such as a living hinge, or other fasteners positioned at circumferentialperimeter 15 portions of each of the housings 12 to join each housing 12with an adjacent housing 12. Also, for example, embodiments can includeclips, bolts, or other fasteners used to maintain the entire closurehousing 10 in the closed position or hold the elastomeric film 20 in asealed configuration.

The housings 12 can be made by various processes, for example, injectionmolding, blow molding, spin molding, extrusion molding, vacuum molding,rotational molding, and thermal forming. Embodiments of the housings 12can be made from various materials, for example, aluminum, steel, metalalloys, and plastics, particularly thermoplastics, such as polyolefins,polyamides, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyvinyls, and other polymericmaterials. The plastic housing 12 embodiments can use a metalreinforcing strip for increased stability and strength.

As shown in FIG. 1 a, the housings 12 can be hollow and concave. Theconcave housings 12 can include a large concavity or a small concavity,and can include, for example, a concavity such as within a hollowrectangular box having an open face, or a concavity such as within ahollow semi-circular sphere having an open face. The closure caninclude, for example, embodiments where the volume between an insidewall of the concave housing 12 and the elastomeric film 20 issubstantially free of filler material.

As shown in FIG. 1 a and implemented in FIG. 7, for example, the closurecan include embodiments where the volume between an inside wall of theconcave housing 12 and the flexible layer 22 is substantially free offiller material. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1 b the closure caninclude embodiments, for example, where compressible gas bladders 70 arepositioned in the concave cavity of the concave housing 12. Also, theclosure can include embodiments where rupturable gas bladders 70 arepositioned in the concave cavity of the concave housing 12. The materialused to make gas bladders 70 is usually polyethylene. The diameter,height, and pressure of the gas bladders 70 may vary. The gas bladders70, for example, can be “bubble wrap.” The gas bladders 70, for example,can include nitrogen filled bladders 70. The gas bladders 70advantageously apply a relatively consistent pressure to the cables 30and/or joining component 35 inside the closure housing 10. Also,embodiments of the gas bladders 70 can be pre-assembled with a film onthe top and/or bottom of the gas bladder 70.

Also, as shown in FIG. 14, the closure can include embodiments where aportion of the wall of the concave housing 12 comprises one or moreorifices 72, to let air penetrate within the volume inside the concavehousing 12.

As shown in the Figures, embodiments of the housing 12 can, for example,include one or more flexible layers 22 mounted on a circumferentialperimeter 15 portion of the concave housings 12 across the open face ofeach of the concave housings 12. Alternatively, for example, the housing12 can include one or more elastomeric films 20 or conformable sealants20 mounted on a circumferential perimeter 15 portion of the concavehousings 12 across the open face of each of the concave housings 12.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 2-6, the flexible layer 22, oralternatively the elastomeric film 20, can be mounted to the housing 12by aligning one or more elastomeric films 20 to one or more of theconcave housings 12 in a substantially planar configuration across acircumferential perimeter 15 of the open face of each concave housing12, and securing the elastomeric films 20 on the concave housings 12.

Also, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7-14, the housing 12 can includeboth a flexible layer 22 and an elastomeric film 20 mounted thereon, inwhich case each of the one or more elastomeric films 20 covers a surfaceportion of each of the flexible layers 22. Also, for example, as shownin FIGS. 7-14, the housing 12 can include both a flexible layer 22 and aconformable sealant 20 mounted thereon, in which case the conformablesealant 20 covers a surface portion of each of the flexible layers 22.Also, for example, the housing 12 can include both an elastomeric filmand a conformable sealant mounted thereon, in which case the conformablesealant covers a surface portion of each of the elastomeric film.

Also, for example, the housing 12 can include two flexible layers and anelastomeric film mounted thereon. One example of such an embodimentprovides a first flexible layer in the form of a rubber material mountedto the concave housing 12. The second flexible layer is in the form of awoven or non-woven web of strands covering the first flexible layer.Finally, an elastomeric film also covers the first flexible layer whileat the same time co-continuously interpenetrating the second flexiblelayer web of strands.

Also, for example, the housing 12 can include one elastomeric film layermounted thereon across the open face on the circumferential perimeter 15of the housing 12, while at the same time featuring a cable pre-wrappedwith a separate elastomeric film that is housed within the housing 12.This embodiment offers the advantages of having multiple points ofsealing. The elastomeric film that wraps the cable acts as a first pointof sealing, and the elastomeric film layer 20 that is mounted to thehousing acts as a second point of sealing.

Also, for example, the housing 12 can include two flexible layers and aconformable sealant mounted thereon. One example of such an embodimentprovides a first flexible layer in the form of a rubber material mountedto the concave housing 12. The second flexible layer is in the form of aporous substrate covering the first flexible layer. Finally, aconformable sealant also covers the first flexible layer while at thesame time co-continuously interpenetrating the second flexible layerporous substrate.

In accordance with the invention, the flexible layer can be any layerthat is flexible, the elastomeric film can be any layer exhibitingelastomeric properties, and the conformable sealant can be any materialcapable of conforming itself to an adjacent structure. For example, arubber material can be both a flexible layer and an elastomeric film.Also, for example, a polymeric gel material can be a flexible layer, anelastomeric film, and a conformable sealant as well. Also, for example,a grease material can be a conformable sealant.

The elastomeric film 20 typically includes at least a polymer and an oilportion. Embodiments of the elastomeric film 20 can include, forexample, a polymeric thermoplastic hydrophobic gel sealant including atleast a portion of oil.

The properties of the polymer which make it most suited for thisapplication are good compatibility with the oil, and rubber-likemorphology, meaning flexible chains with some significant molecularflexibility between cross-linking sites. Examples of polymers that areuseful can include oil-filled silicones, polyurethanes, polyesters,polyepoxys, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polysiloxanes, polybutadienes(including polyisoprenes), and hydrogenated polybutadienes andpolyisoprenes, as well as copolymers, including block copolymers andgraft copolymers. The blocks of the block copolymers may include theabove polymers and poly(monoalkenylarenes) including polystyrene.Examples of these bock copolymers can include particularly SEBS(Styrene, ethylene-butylene, Styrene), SEPS (Styrene,ethylene-propylene, Styrene), similar Styrene-rubber-Styrene polymers,di-block, tri-block, graft- and star-block copolymers, and blockcopolymers with blocks which are non-homogeneous. Closed-cell foamedmaterials, and those incorporating microbubbles or other soft (or hard)fillers can also be included.

Embodiments of the invention can feature the elastomeric film 20 as athermoplastic or alternatively as being cured in place. In the form ofthermal cures, room temperature vulcanizable cures (RTV cures),UV-initiated cures, e-beam cures, radiation initiated cures, and curesfrom exposure to air and/or moisture. The elastomeric film 20 typicallyhas greater cohesion than adhesion.

The portion of oil in the elastomeric film 20 can be, for example, inthe range of about 50% to about 98% of the elastomeric film 20, or moreparticularly, in the range of about 85% to about 98% of the elastomericfilm 20. Also, for example, embodiments of the elastomeric film 20 caninclude filler particles, such as polymeric spheres or glassmicrospheres. One example of such filler particles is deformablebubbles, where the elastomeric film 20 is formed by foaming and addingdiscrete bubbles. The added bubbles can be polymeric or glassmicrobubbles. Addition of such filler particles or bubbles allows theelastomeric film 20 to demonstrate volume compliance which will furtherallow conformity of the elastomeric film 20 in operation.

Embodiments of the oil can include, for example, an extender such assynthetic oils, vegetable oils, silicones, esters, hydrocarbon oils,including particularly naphthinic oils and paraffinic oils and blends,and also possibly some small percentage of aromatic oils. Somecompositions within the elastomeric film 20 are intermediate between thepolymer and the oil. For example, the elastomeric film 20 can include aliquid rubber which may not become part of the gel-forming polymernetwork. Examples of such a liquid rubber can include polybutene ofmoderate molecular weight, and low molecular weight EPR (EthylenePropylene Rubber). Adding a liquid rubber to the polymer and oil cantailor the characteristics of the sealant by increasing the tack, forexample. Takifiers, antioxidants, colorants, UV stabilizers, and otherscan be added.

Typically, the oil is advantageously hydrophobic to keep water out.Also, typically, the oil advantageously reduces the amount of chainentanglements and the number of crosslinks per volume, thereby makingthe material softer in the gel form. Also, typically, the oiladvantageously reduces the viscosity of either the precursor (beforecuring) or the melted thermoplastic. Also, typically, the oil isrelatively inexpensive thereby reducing the cost of the totalformulation.

As mentioned previously, a conformable sealant 20 can be used with thehousing 12 in various embodiments. Embodiments of the conformablesealant 20 provide the required mechanical properties of low shear yieldpoint, and higher adhesion than cohesion. Embodiments of the conformablesealant 20 can include, for example, a thickener cooperating with atleast a portion of oil.

The thickener can include, for example, an organic polymericcomposition. The organic polymeric composition can include, for example,polymers including polyurethanes, polyesters, polyepoxys, polyacrylates,polyolefins, polysiloxanes, polybutadienes (including polyisoprenes) andhydrogenated polybutadienes and polyisoprenes, as well as blockcopolymers. The blocks of the block copolymers can include, for example,the above polymers and poly(monoalkenylarenes) including polystyrene.These bock copolymers can include particularly SEB (Styrene,ethylene-butylene), SEP (Styrene, ethylene-propylene), SEBS (Styrene,ethylene-butylene, Styrene), SEPS (Styrene, ethylene-propylene,Styrene), similar Styrene-rubber polymers, di-block, graft- andstar-block copolymers, and block copolymers with blocks which arenon-homogeneous.

Also, for example, the thickener can include an inorganic solcomposition. The inorganic sol composition can include, for example,alumina, silica, or clay. Also, for example, the thickener can include asoap composition. The soap composition can include, for example, metalcomplex soaps, aluminum complex soaps, lithium complex soaps, or calciumcomplex soaps. Also, for example, the thickener can be a greases, waxes(including polyethylene and polypropylene waxes), or viscoelasticpolymeric hydrophobic composition including at least a portion of oil.The conformable sealant 20 can also be prepared from shearing gels, forexample, as understood by those skilled in the art.

The portion of oil in the conformable sealant 20 can be, for example, inthe range of about 50% to about 98% of the conformable sealant 20, ormore particularly, in the range of about 70% to about 98% of theconformable sealant 20. For example, the oil can be a hydrocarbon oil,including particularly naphthinic oils and paraffinic oils and blends,and also possibly aromatic oils. Also, for example, embodiments of theconformable sealant 20 can include filler particles, such as polymericspheres or glass microspheres. One example of such filler particles isdeformable bubbles, where the conformable sealant 20 is formed byfoaming or by adding discrete bubbles. The added bubbles can bepolymeric or glass microbubbles. Addition of such filler particles orbubbles allows the conformable sealant 20 to demonstrate volumecompliance which will further allow conformity of the conformablesealant 20 in operation.

As mentioned previously, a flexible layer 22 can be used with thehousing 12 in various embodiments. The flexible layer 22 can include,for example, a rubber, elastomer, or other elastic material. Theflexible layer 22 can be used alone by itself, or alternatively theflexible layer 22 can be used in cooperation with the elastomeric film20 and/or conformable sealant 20. An adhesive may be applied between theflexible layer 22 and the elastomeric film 20 or conformable sealant 20in those cases in which multiple layers are utilized with the housing12. Additionally, the flexible layer 22 can include, for example, awoven web of strands or a non-woven web of strands, capable ofco-continuously interpenetrating with the elastomeric film 20. Theflexible layer 22 can also include, for example, a porous substratecapable of co-continuously interpenetrating with the conformable sealant20. The flexible layer 22 can also include, for example, open-cell foamsand open geometry webs. The flexible layer 22 can be capable ofdeforming to seal a solid object such as a cable 30.

As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the flexible layer 22 can be mounted to thehousing 12 in various ways. For example, a fastener can be insertedthrough the elastomeric film 20 and the flexible layer 22 when theelastomeric film 20 and the flexible layer 22 are mounted to the housing12. Such fasteners can include screws, bolts, self-tapping screws,‘christmas tree’ fasteners, trim panel retainers, or other types offasteners. Also, for example, an adhesive 62 can be used to mount theflexible layer 22 to the housing 12. Also, for example, embodiments caninclude a barb 60 extending from the flexible layer 22, and a slotdefined in the housing 12, where the barb 60 is capable of beinginserted through the slot. In such an example, it would be difficult toremove the barb 60 from the slot in the housing 12 after the barb 60 wasinserted therethrough. Other methods of bonding can be envisioned,including thermal and thermal compression techniques.

As shown in FIGS. 5, 10, and 14, the housing 12 can be used to seal thecables 30 and/or joining components 35 from water, particles, or otherenvironmental elements outside the closure. A first portion of each ofthe cables 30, for example, can be interposed between the facinghousings 12 and layers mounted to the housings 12. A second portion ofeach of the cables 30, for example, can extend outside of the facinghousings 12 and layers mounted to the housings 12. Embodiments of thecable 30 can include, for example, a copper or aluminum wire cable 30, apreterminated cable 30, a glass optical fiber cable 30, a polymeroptical fiber cable 30, a hybrid wire and fiber optic cable 30, or anyother type of cable 30 that conducts light and/or electricity.

The housing 12 can advantageously operate to seal a single cable 30 or aseries of cables 30 from water or other environmental elements.Embodiments can include, for example, a cable 30 or series of cables 30joined to another cable 30 or series of cables 30 within the closure viaa joining component 35, or a single cable 30 run all the way through theclosure as a single unit, or, for example, both can occur within asingle closure. Each of the cables 30 passing inside or through theclosure is configured along a direction substantially parallel to theplane of the open face of the concave housing 12. The circumferentialperimeter portions are joined by one or more fasteners at opposite sidesof the open face to retain the closure housing 10 in the closed or shutposition with the cables 30 sealed therein.

In some embodiments that do not include a joining component 35 joiningtwo or more cables 30, a single cable 30 running through the closure mayneed to be sealed from water or other environmental elements after acable repair material is applied for repair or maintenance of the cable30. In such a case where a cable repair material surrounds one or morecables 30 within the closure, the worn or torn portion of the cable 30that contains the cable repair material interfaces a portion of at leastone of the elastomeric films 20, for example, after being interposedbetween the facing housings 12 of the closure. Embodiments of the cablerepair material applied to the cable 30 can include, for example, tapes,mastics, foams, epoxys, encapsulants, shield bond connectors, braid, #6ground wire, and other types of cable repair materials.

If a joining component 35 is used to join two or more cables 30, thehousing 12 advantageously operates to seal not only each cable 30 runinside or through the closure, but also to seal the joining component 35inside the closure from water or other environmental elements.Embodiments of the joining component 35 can include, for example, asplice or other joining component 35 having connectors therein(including discrete connectors, modular connectors, tap connectors,preterminated connector, or other connectors). Also, for example, insome applications the joining component 35 can include a termination,where the cable 30 is joined with a terminal piece of electrical orfiber optic equipment.

The joining component 35 can interface a portion of each layer mountedto each housing 12 and can thereby be interposed between the layersmounted to the housings 12. For example, the joining component 35 caninterface a portion of the elastomeric film 20 mounted on each of thehousings 12, thereby being interposed between the elastomeric films 20mounted to the housings 12. Embodiments including any or all of theflexible layer 22, elastomeric film 20, and/or conformable sealant 20advantageously operate to prevent external particles and fluids fromaccessing the portion of the one or more cables 30 interposed betweenthe flexible layers 22, elastomeric films 20, and/or conformablesealants 20.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 17, if more than one cable 30 isdesired to enter the closure housing on either side, and if the severalcables 20 are too close together, then there may be a small space whichexists between the cables 30 of which the elastomeric film 20 does notfill the volume. In such a case, the concave housing 12 would notinclude side walls 52 (neither fixed nor removable) or adapters 54, suchas shown in FIG. 15 b. Because the side walls are not included in theconcave housing 12, a clip, clamp, or other fastener 80 or series ofclips, clamps, or fasteners 80 can be used to clamp the facing layers ofelastomeric film 20 to each other at the portion between the cables 30,thereby closing the volume of space between the cables 30 and sealingthe cables 30 from water, dirt, or other environmental particles.

In some embodiments, if desirable, the housing 12 can be designed tobetter interface or seal a particular diameter of cable 30. For example,concave housings 12 of FIG. 1 can be redesigned to include a set of oneor more walls having one or more substantially arcuate channels 50configured to receive a cable 30 having a substantially equal diameteras the arcuate channels 50. The arcuate channels 50 on the walls aretypically located at the position on the circumferential perimeter 15 ofthe housing 12 where the cable 30 will be placed. Also, for example, asshown in FIG. 15 the set of one or more walls can be removable walls 52capable of being removed from the concave housing 12 and replaced with asecond set of one or more walls having one or more substantially arcuatechannels 50 configured to receive one or more cables 30 havingsubstantially equal diameters as the arcuate channels 50 of the secondset of walls. FIG. 15 b shows the housing 12 before installation of theremovable walls 52, and FIG. 15 c shows the housing 12 afterinstallation of the removable walls 52.

Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, the concave housings 12 caninclude a set of one or more removable adapter walls 54 positioned on aset of fixed walls on the circumferential perimeter 15 of each of theconcave housings 12, where the adapter walls 54 can include one or moresubstantially arcuate channels 50 configured to receive a cable 30having a substantially equal diameter as the arcuate channels 50.

As shown in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 6, 11, and 12, a volumeof space can exist between the elastomeric film 20 mounted to one of thehousings 12 and the elastomeric film 20 mounted to another of thehousings 12 (between the cable and the joining component), whereby thevolume of space is advantageously compliant to changes in air pressure.The space can advantageously allow the volume of the space to becompressed responsive to increases of the external pressure of thevolume inside the concave housing 12 outside the elastomeric film 20.

As shown in FIG. 12, for example, a portion of the circumferentialperimeter 15 of the open face of each of the housings 12 can include anendseal 40 of elastomeric material applied thereon. Also, for example,the endseal 40 of elastomeric material can alternatively be spirallywrapped or otherwise wrapped around the cable 30 to surround the cable30 at a position on the cable 30 configured to align or to interfacewith a portion of the circumferential perimeter 15 of the open face ofthe housing 12. Also, for example, the endseal 40 could include a rubbergasket endseal 40, understood by those skilled in the art, having asplit portion to fit over the cable 30, where the rubber gasket endseal40 thereby forms a sealed interface with the cable 30.

The endseal 40 material, as understood by those skilled in the art,includes polymers and formulations including, for example, oils,plasticizers, and other polymeric materials, rubber tape with or withoutadhesive, vinyl tape, as well as materials that would be consideredmastic. The endseal 40 material can also be the same material as used inthe aforementioned elastomeric film 20.

In operation, the invention advantageously provides improved protectionand watertight sealing of one or more cables 30 and/or joiningcomponents 35 from harmful environmental conditions in thecommunications industry (such as telecommunications industry), utilitiesindustry (such as electrical utilities industry), or other industryinvolving the distribution of cables 30 and/or the transmission ofoptical light or electricity, seeking improved solutions regardingsealing solutions, re-enterability solutions, pressure conditionsolutions, space condition solutions, and weight condition solutionsadvantageously provided by the invention.

The inclusion of the elastomeric film 20, flexible layer 22, and/orconformable sealant 20, in combination with the hollow nature of theconcave housing 12, advantageously provides a solution for a closurehousing 10 that offers exceptional sealing, while at the same timeproviding a closure housing 10 that is re-enterable to an extent notprovided in previous closure housings 10.

Further, the invention advantageously provides improved mechanical cable30 stress and strain relief based on inevitable pressure changes duringperiods of operation. The relatively soft surface of the layers mountedto the housings 12 can deform to accommodate pressure changes, withoutputting undue stress on the outer perimeter of the housings 12. Thecompliance of the deformable layers mounted to the housings 12 allowsfor significant changes in the shape of the closure while maintaining awatertight seal. Because the volume protected from water is onlymarginally larger than the volume of the splice, and generallysignificantly smaller than the entire volume of the interior of theclosure housing 10, the influence of pressure changes are advantageouslyminimized, as compared to rendering the entire volume of the closurehousing 10 watertight.

Further, the hollow nature of the concave housing 12 advantageouslyprovides increased room or space for the displacement of large cables 30inside the closure housing 10. Further, the hollow nature of the concavehousing 12 advantageously provides a lighter solution for a closurehousing 10, and the decrease in weight importantly allows for easierinstallation and transport, as well as a reduction in cost associatedwith the manufacture of such a closure housing 10.

Although the aforementioned detailed description contains many specificdetails for purposes of illustration, anyone of ordinary skill in theart will appreciate that many variations, changes, substitutions, andalterations to the details are within the scope of the invention asclaimed. Accordingly, the invention described in the detaileddescription is set forth without imposing any limitations on the claimedinvention. The proper scope of the invention should be determined by thefollowing claims and their appropriate legal equivalents.

1. An apparatus comprising: a plurality of housings, at least one ofwhich comprises a concave housing with an open face; and one or moreelastomeric films, each elastomeric film mounted on a circumferentialperimeter portion of the concave housings across the open face of eachof the concave housings, wherein the elastomeric films are adapted tointerface one or more cables when the cables are interposed between thehousings to seal the cables from environmental conditions.
 2. Theapparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein two or more of the plurality ofhousings are concave housings with an open face, and wherein the openface of one of the concave housings faces and mates with the open faceof another of the concave housings, thereby defining facing matedhousings.
 3. The apparatus as defined in claim 2, further comprising:one or more cables, a first portion of each of the cables interposedbetween the elastomeric films and facing housings to seal the cablesfrom environmental conditions, and a second portion of each of thecables extending outside of the elastomeric films and the facinghousings.
 4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein the one ormore cables comprises two or more cables; and further comprising ajoining component that joins the cables, wherein a portion of thejoining component interfaces a portion of at least one of theelastomeric films to seal the joining component from environmentalconditions.
 5. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein each of thecables is configured along a direction substantially parallel to theplane of the open face of the concave housing.
 6. The apparatus asdefined in claim 3, further comprising an endseal of elastomericmaterial surrounding the cable at a position configured to align with aportion of the circumferential perimeter of the open face of thehousing.
 7. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising arubber gasket endseal having a split portion to fit over the cable, therubber gasket endseal thereby forming a sealed interface with the cable.8. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising a volume ofspace between the elastomeric film mounted to one of the housings andthe elastomeric film mounted to an adjacent housing, the volume of spacebeing compliant to changes in air pressure.
 9. The apparatus as definedin claim 3, further comprising one or more gas bladders positioned in aconcave cavity of the concave housing.
 10. The apparatus as defined inclaim 3, wherein each of the concave housings comprises a set of one ormore walls having one or more substantially arcuate channels configuredto receive a cable having a substantially equal diameter as the arcuatechannels.
 11. The apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein the wallscomprise removable walls capable of being removed from the concavehousing and replaced with a second set of one or more walls having oneor more substantially arcuate channels configured to receive one or morecables having substantially equal diameters as the arcuate channels ofthe second set of walls.
 12. The apparatus as defined in claim 1,wherein the volume between an inside wall of the concave housing and theelastomeric film is substantially free of filler material.
 13. Theapparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of theelastomeric film comprises a polymeric thermoplastic hydrophobiccomposition including at least a portion of oil.
 14. The apparatus asdefined in claim 13, wherein the portion of oil comprises about 50% toabout 98% of the elastomeric film.
 15. The apparatus as defined in claim1, wherein at least a portion of the elastomeric film includes fillerparticles.
 16. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein at least aportion of the elastomeric film comprises an oil and a polymer selectedfrom the group consisting of: a polyurethane, a polyester, apolystyrene, a polyepoxy, a polyacrylate, and a polyolefin.
 17. Theapparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of theelastomeric film comprises a copolymer of which a portion is selectedfrom the group consisting of: a polyurethane, a polyester, apolystyrene, an epoxy, an acrylate, and a polyolefin.
 18. The apparatusas defined in claim 1, further comprising: one or more flexible layers,each flexible layer mounted on a circumferential perimeter portion ofthe concave housings across the open face of each of the concavehousings, wherein each of the one or more elastomeric films cover asurface portion of each of the flexible layers.
 19. The apparatus asdefined in claim 18, further comprising a barb extending from theflexible layer, and further comprising a slot defined in the housing,wherein the barb is capable of being inserted through the slot.
 20. Theapparatus as defined in claim 18, wherein the volume between an insidewall of the concave housing and the flexible layer is substantially freeof filler material.
 21. The apparatus as defined in claim 18, whereinthe flexible layer is capable of co-continuously interpenetrating withthe elastomeric film.
 22. An apparatus comprising: a plurality ofhousings, at least one of which comprises a concave housing with an openface; one or more flexible layers, each flexible layer mounted on acircumferential perimeter portion of the concave housings across theopen face of each of the concave housings; and one or more conformablesealants, each of the conformable sealants covering a surface portion ofeach of the flexible layers, wherein the conformable sealants areadapted to interface one or more cables when the cables are interposedbetween the housings to seal the cables from environmental conditions.23. The apparatus as defined in claim 22, wherein two or more of theplurality of housings are concave housings with an open face, andwherein the open face of one of the concave housings faces and mateswith the open face of another of the concave housings, thereby definingfacing mated housings.
 24. The apparatus as defined in claim 23, furthercomprising: one or more cables, a first portion of each of the cablesinterposed between the conformable sealants and facing housings to sealthe cables from environmental conditions, and a second portion of eachof the cables extending outside of the conformable sealants and thefacing housings.
 25. The apparatus as defined in claim 24, wherein theone or more cables comprises two or more cables; and further comprisinga joining component that joins the cables, wherein a portion of thejoining component interfaces a portion of at least one of theconformable sealants to seal the joining component from environmentalconditions.
 26. The apparatus as defined in claim 24, wherein each ofthe cables is configured along a direction substantially parallel to theplane of the open face of the concave housing.
 27. The apparatus asdefined in claim 24, further comprising an endseal of elastomericmaterial surrounding the cable at a position configured to interfacewith a portion of the circumferential perimeter of the open face of thehousing.
 28. The apparatus as defined in claim 24, further comprising arubber gasket endseal having a split portion to fit over the cable, therubber gasket endseal thereby forming a sealed interface with the cable.29. The apparatus as defined in claim 24, further comprising one or moregas bladders positioned in a concave cavity of the concave housing. 30.The apparatus as defined in claim 24, wherein each of the concavehousings comprises a set of one or more walls having one or moresubstantially arcuate channels configured to receive a cable having asubstantially equal diameter as the arcuate channels.
 31. The apparatusas defined in claim 30, wherein the walls comprise removable wallscapable of being removed from the concave housing and replaced with asecond set of one or more walls having one or more substantially arcuatechannels configured to receive one or more cables having substantiallyequal diameters as the arcuate channels of the second set of walls. 32.The apparatus as defined in claim 22, wherein at least a portion of theconformable sealant comprises a thickener cooperating with at least aportion of oil.
 33. The apparatus as defined in claim 32, wherein atleast a portion of the thickener comprises a composition selected fromthe group consisting of: an organic polymeric composition, an inorganicsol composition, and a soap composition.
 34. The apparatus as defined inclaim 32, wherein at least a portion of the thickener is selected fromthe group consisting of: polyurethanes, polyesters, polyepoxys,polyacrylates, polyolefins, polysiloxanes, polybutadienes, hydrogenatedpolybutadienes, and hydrogenated polyisoprenes.
 35. The apparatus asdefined in claim 32, wherein at least a portion of the thickener isselected from the group consisting of: alumina, silica, and clay. 36.The apparatus as defined in claim 32, wherein at least a portion of thethickener is selected from the group consisting of: metal complex soaps,aluminum complex soaps, lithium complex soaps, and calcium complexsoaps.
 37. The apparatus as defined in claim 22, wherein at least aportion of the conformable sealant comprises a portion of oil, andwherein the portion of oil comprises about 50% to about 98% of theconformable sealant.
 38. The apparatus as defined in claim 22, whereinat least a portion of the conformable sealant includes filler particles.39. The apparatus as defined in claim 22, further comprising a barbextending from the flexible layer, and further comprising a slot definedin the housing, wherein the barb is capable of being inserted throughthe slot.
 40. The apparatus as defined in claim 22, wherein the volumebetween an inside wall of the concave housing and the flexible layer issubstantially free of filler material.
 41. The apparatus as defined inclaim 22, wherein the flexible layer is capable of co-continuouslyinterpenetrating with the conformable sealant.
 42. An apparatuscomprising: two or more concave housings each having an open face, theopen face of one of the housings facing and mating with the open face ofan adjacent housing, thereby defining one or more facing mated housings;two or more flexible layers, each flexible layer mounted on acircumferential perimeter portion of the concave housings across theopen face of each of the concave housings; two or more elastomericfilms, each elastomeric film covering a surface portion of each of theflexible layers; and one or more cables, a first portion of each of thecables interposed between the elastomeric films and facing housings toseal the cables from environmental conditions, and a second portion ofeach of the cables extending outside of the elastomeric films and thefacing housings.
 43. An apparatus comprising: a plurality of housings,at least one of which comprises a concave housing with an open face; andone or more flexible layers, each flexible layer mounted on acircumferential perimeter portion of the concave housings across theopen face of each of the concave housings, wherein the flexible layersare adapted to interface one or more cables when the cables areinterposed between the housings to seal the cables from environmentalconditions.